Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas. Pathology occurs in acute and chronic forms. The condition has a rather specific symptomatology: severe pain in the left hypochondrium, sometimes of a girdle character, fetid stool, nausea and vomiting.
Diet for pancreatic pancreatitis is one of the main areas of treatment of pathology. The patient's menu depends on the general state of health and the duration of the disease. It is necessary to adhere to medical nutrition for several months.
General Principles
Nutrition for pancreatitis of the pancreas should be sparing. The basic principles of the diet:
- fractional nutrition - food should be taken in small portions five to six times a day;
- dishes should be mashed, which facilitates the process of digesting food;
- allowed cooking methods are steaming and boiling;
- fresh vegetables and fruits are completely prohibited, i. e. uncooked;
- the permissible daily amount of salt is not more than 5 grams;
- it is imperative to take infusions and decoctions on rosehip berries;
- dishes served to the table should be warm - hot and cold are contraindicated;
- Canned, semi-finished, oily/fried/highly salted foods and products are completely prohibited.
Deviation from the principles of dietary nutrition can provoke the development of an attack of pancreatitis.
Allowed and Prohibited Products
To reduce the production of pancreatic juice and reduce the load on the inflamed gland, it is necessary to completely exclude from the patient's diet:
- Soups cooked in rich meat, fish and mushroom broths, as well as complex soups - cabbage soup, pickles, borscht. Excludes cold and dairy products.
- Bread - today's wheat/rye flour baked goods, puff pastries and pastries, butter pies, tortillas.
- Fatty meat - pork, lamb, duck, goose - sausage, offal, canned and smoked meats.
- A fish. Oily varieties, smoked, salted are prohibited.
- High-fat dairy and lactic acid products.
- groats - millet, pearl barley, wheat, corn.
- Fried and hard boiled eggs.
- Vegetables - turnip, radish, garlic, pepper, eggplant, cabbage, spinach.
- Desserts - jam, ice cream, fresh dates, grapes, bananas, figs.
- Spicy condiments.
- Coffee, strong brewed tea, coffee, soda, grape juice.
- Refractory oils - pork, beef, lamb.
When developing a menu for each day, it is necessary to take into account the recommendations of nutritionists and use only approved products. Information technology:
- dry bread, biscuits, homemade crackers;
- vegetarian soups with the addition of potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, carrots - noodles, semolina or oatmeal - pureed vegetables;
- lean meats - chicken, rabbit, turkey - in the form of steam cutlets, souffles, meatballs, veal stroganoff;
- low-fat varieties of fish - pollock, carp, cod;
- cereals - oatmeal, semolina, rice - cereals are used to make casseroles, puddings;
- low-fat dairy and lactic acid products;
- steam omelet without yolks;
- vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, beets, pumpkin, cauliflower, carrots, green peas;
- sweet berries and fruits in the form of mousse, jelly, pudding, baked apples;
- sauces - cooked in milk and vegetable broth (when using flour, the latter is not sautéed);
- butter and vegetable oil;
- weak tea with lemon, mineral water, rosehip decoction, juices diluted with water.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
If we talk about what kind of diet is recommended for the patient with an acute form of inflammation, then this is the 5P treatment table. Complete fasting is recommended to a person for the first two to four days. Only fluid intake is allowed - decoction of rosehip berries, Borjomi (without gas), weak tea. Then the patient switches to nutritional therapy. It is allowed to include in the menu dishes without salt, but rich in carbohydrates.
Approximate list of dishes that can be included in the menu:
- steam omelet on proteins;
- meat souffle;
- fish and meat patties;
- pureed soups - rice and oatmeal - and vegetarian options;
- vegetable purees;
- porridge porridge - rice, buckwheat, oatmeal;
- apples in the form of jelly or foam;
- fruit drinks from wild rose berries, cranberries, black currants;
- tea with the addition of milk;
- cottage cheese and dishes from it;
- cereal puddings.
Before going to bed, you can offer kefir, yogurt, a spoonful of honey dissolved in it and a glass of water, prunes and raisins.
Approximate weekly menu
When preparing a menu for a week, it should be remembered that the patient's diet should be diversified. You can use the following recommendations when developing a menu for a patient for the whole week.
Breakfast can be served with a salad of boiled beetroot and dried fruit compote, 150 grams of low-fat cottage cheese and a decoction of rosehip berries, steam omelet without yolks, weak tea with biscuits, grated oatmeal and fruit jelly, pumpkin puree. rosehip drink, cheese with biscuits, rosehip juice, buckwheat porridge, compote.
Second breakfast: good boiled rice porridge with steamed raisins, carrot salad with vegetable oil, apple stuffed with dried apricots and baked in the oven, pumpkin and carrot puree, boiled beets, baked apples with sugar.
For lunch, vegetarian soups are allowed, for example, borscht, boiled fish garnished with well-boiled rice, boiled beef, cottage cheese casserole, steamed chicken cutlets, boiled minced pasta, sautéed. Snack options: allowed fruit jelly, veggie roll, fresh fruit jelly, fruit pudding, baked potato, sandwiches with butter and a slice of cheese, mashed beans.
Dinner: Baked applesauce and low-fat yogurt, rice porridge with raisins, varenets, salad dressing and yogurt, steamed cauliflower, a glass of yogurt, zucchini caviar, kefir, steamed omelet, fermented baked milk, rice pudding, and low-fat yogurt.
Alternating dishes, you can create a "delicious" weekly menu that will provide the sick person's body with all the necessary substances, but at the same time, the pancreas will receive a minimal load of nutrients. You can find some recipes below.
Nutrition for the combined course of pancreatitis with gastritis or cholecystitis
If the underlying disease is accompanied by the development of cholecystitis, the menu is allowed to include:
- slimy soups made from rice, oatmeal or semolina;
- it is strictly forbidden to add mashed porridge, milk and butter boiled in water;
- vegetable juices, compotes;
- homemade white bread croutons;
- boiled meat, fish puree;
- low-fat cottage cheese.
With combined pancreatitis and gastritis, the menu should include oatmeal, rice and semolina porridge soups, in which you can add egg yolk and a little butter, vegetable puree - potatoes, carrots, beets - with the addition of milk or cream. , steam soufflé, cutlet, etc. Meatballs made from minced meat and fish.
The definitive option is recommended only in the acute phase of the disease. After the condition stabilizes, the person switches to a diet recommended for chronic pancreatitis.
Features of diet in childhood
The leading principles of the diet in children are disintegration, maximum degree of grinding, compliance with culinary processing requirements and variety. If small portions are given frequently, it prevents the child from getting hungry. In this case, there is no violation of the metabolic process.
Daily calorie intake is calculated based on the child's weight and age. In the remission phase, the menu is allowed to include (to a limited extent) fresh vegetables and fruits, but the basis of the diet is dairy cereals, minced meat dishes - chicken, turkey, vegetable soups without adding meat, fish - boiled or baked, stewed vegetables, dairy products. It is allowed in small quantities and daily to give the child Turkish delight, marmalade, jam, jam, honey.
Important!When introducing a new product into the diet, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the child.
Recipes
We offer you several recipes for dishes that can be prepared with diagnosed pancreatitis.
beef pudding
Grind boiled beef (130 g) in a blender bowl. Add semolina (10 g), beaten egg white, yolk and some water (about 1/3 cup) to the puree. Add a few crystals of salt. Lubricate the mold with oil, put the prepared minced meat and cook in a bain-marie.
fish meatballs
Grind lean fish (300 g) in a meat grinder. Grind a quarter of the dried nut and pour the pieces with milk (100 ml). Squeeze the bread and mix it with minced meat, add a few beaten proteins. Add salt and mix well. Make small balls with two spoons and boil them in salted water until soft. This will take about 15 minutes.
vegetable puree soup
Cook until the Potatoes (2 pieces), Carrots and half a small zucchini are fully cooked. Pour the broth into a separate bowl and chop the vegetables into a puree using a blender. Bring the puree with the broth to the desired consistency and bring to a boil. Cook for 3 minutes. Serve the soup hot with a spoonful of sour cream.
fish pudding
Fish carcass should be divided into two fillets. Boil the first one and rub it through a sieve. Grind the second part in a meat grinder. Combine both masses, put the yolk, butter, salt. to knead. Divide into portion molds and steam.
chicken souffle
Grind boiled chicken in a meat grinder. Add the egg yolk and butter to the minced meat. Mix it well. Then slowly add the whipped whites to the fluffy foam. Put the mass in a mold and steam.
banana dessert
Melt 2 packets of gelatin according to the instructions. From it add 250 ml of natural yogurt. Steam a few bananas and peeled peaches. Place the foil on the bottom of the plastic mold. Build the dessert in layers - biscuit crumbs, yogurt cream with gelatin, banana-peach puree. Alternate layers. Put the sweetness in the refrigerator to solidify the jelly.
Compliance with the principles of dietary nutrition in pancreatitis is a prerequisite for achieving permanent and long-term remission. With an appropriate approach to development, the menu for patients with pancreatitis in adults and children can be quite diverse and fully satisfy all the needs of the body.